| Picture | Term | Info | Memo | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Pituitary gland
die Hypophyse
Гипофиз | The pituitary gland produces and releases hormones controlling various bodily functions and behaviors. It is a key component of the endocrine system and helps relay signals from the hypothalamus to glands throughout the body. For example, the hypothalamus sends signals to the pituitary gland; the pituitary gland then releases hormones into the bloodstream; these hormones reach additional glands in the body, spurring the release of other hormones; and those final hormones circulate back up to the hypothalamus, which interprets the meaning of those hormones for the brain in order to regulate behavior. The regulation of stress, growth, and reproduction are three of the various responsibilities of the pituitary gland. | Copy to my visuals | ||
Corpus callosum
der Balken (Corpus callosum)
Мозолистое тело | The corpus callosum is a thick, wide bundle of neural connections linking the left and right hemispheres of the cerebral cortex. Neurons in either hemisphere stretch their axons (neural wires) through the corpus callosum to communicate with neurons in the opposite hemisphere. Specialized cells called glia wrap fatty deposits, known as myelin, around these axons to provide insulation for electrical signals, akin to the rubber insulation found on electrical wires. The corpus callosum contains so much fatty myelin that it is white in appearance—making it known as white matter. Grey matter, which contains the cell bodies of neurons, is where computations are made in the brain, while white matter is the superhighway for all that information—and the corpus callosum is the biggest superhighway in the brain. | Copy to my visuals | ||
Basal ganglia
die Basalganglien
Базальные ганглии | The basal ganglia are a group of brain structures that control voluntary movements, habitual behaviors, and emotions. The basal ganglia are comprised of six structures: caudate nucleus, globus pallidus, nucleus accumbens, putamen, substantia nigra, and subthalamic nucleus. The location of the basal ganglia—underneath the cerebral cortex but on top of the brainstem—reflects its role as an intermediary between our higher thoughts, our sensations, and our reflexes. | Copy to my visuals | ||
Purkinje cell
die Purkinje-Zelle
Клетка Пуркинье | Крупный тормозной нейрон коры мозжечка. | Copy to my visuals |